Permutation-lock.



C O. FORBES.

PERMUTATION LOCK.

APPLICATION FILED )AH.25, l9l6.

WITNESSES Patented Aug. 20, 1918.

2 SHEETS-SHEEI 1.

ATTORNEY C. O. FORBES.

PERMUTATION LOCK.

APPLICATlON FILED 1AN.25. 1915.

1,276,633. Patented Aug. 20, 1918.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

I53 -57 fll M 6 35 50 5 INVENTQR WITNESSES ATTORN EY NT FFQ.

CHARLES OWEN FORBES, OF GLASGOW, MONTANA.

PERMUTATION-LOCK.

Application filed January 25, 1916v To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES OWEN Fonnns, a citizen of the United States,residing at Glasgow, in the county of Valley and State of Montana, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Permutation-Looks, ofwhich the following is a specification.

My invention relates to permutation locks, and has particular referenceto that class of permutation locks known as push pin locks, the primaryobject of the invention being to provide a lock of this class whichpermits the manipulation of a combination by means of a plurality ofpins operable to move a series of tumblers into position to allowmovement of a reciprocating bolt of any desired construction having aspecially modified extremity for cooperation with the tumblers.

Another object of my invention is to provide means for renderinginoperative the permutation feature of the look when it is desired touse the door independently of the look.

A further object of my invention is to provide means for maintaining thetumblers in position for releasing the reciprocating bolt and means forreleasing said maintaining means.

With the above and other objects in view my invention resides preferablyin the construction, combination and arrangement of parts as hereinafterset forth in the specification and illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings, in which,

Figure 1 is a side fragmentary elevation of a door and door frameshowing my improved loek in position.

Fig. :2 is a longitudinal vertical sectional 'iew taken through myimproved lock.

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view taken on the line 33 of Fig. 2looking in the direction of the arrow.

Fig. 4 is a transverse vertical sectional view taken on the line H ofFig. 2 looking in the direction of the arrow.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged perspective view of one of the tumblers, and

Fig. 6 is a similar view of one of the operating pawls therefor.

Similar reference characters designate corresponding parts throughoutthe various views of the drawings.

Referring more particularly to the drawings in which the preferredembodiment of my invention is illustrated, I provide a Specification ofLetters Patent.

Patented Aug. 20, 1918.

Serial No. 74,203.

housing designated in its entirety by the numeral 1 and having sidewalls 2 and 3 and end walls 4: and 5, the end wall 4 being provided withdiverging sections 6 and 7 forming top and bottom walls respectively,said portions being extended in relative parallelism to provide walls 8and 9. The sidewalls 2 and 3 are secured to the end, top and bottomwalls by means of screws 10 or the like. As will be clearly seen from aninspection of Figs. 2 and 3, the housing 1 is seated in a complementallyformed reccss 11 provided in the door 12, the recess 11 being extendedas at 18 to provide an aperture through which the lock may bemanipulated as hereinafter set forth in detail.

A reciprocating bolt 14 may be mounted in the end wall 4 and is providedwith an enlarged portion 15 provided with an opening 16 shouldered as at17 to permit engagement by a lug 18 carried by and rotatable with theshaft 19 on which the door knobs 20 are mounted. The bolt 14 is providedwith means for coaction with the permutation devices hereinafterdescribed, this means comprising preferably an extension 21 detaehablyconnected with the enlarged portion 15 of the bolt 14 as indicated at22, and provided with a plurality of longitudinally extending relativelyparallel arranged spaced arms 23, 24c and 25. A coil spring 26 or thelike may be placed about the extension 21 having one extremity thereofbearing against the partition 27. The partition 27 is detachably mountedwithin the housing by means of screws 28 or the like. The partition 27also forms a limiting means for the reciprocating bolt under the actionof the coil spring 26. The structure of the bolt 1-fl and housinghereinbefore described may be modified to meet the various conditionswhich may be encountered in installing or designing a lock for practicalpurposes and I therefore do not lay any claim to this structure, thesame merely being included to show one application of myinvention,however, I do claim the peculiarly constructed arrangement ofthe arms 23, 24 and 25 and their function as will hereinafter appear.

My invention includes a supporting and guiding frame or partition 29mounted in the housing between the top and bottom walls 8 and 9 anddetachably secured therein by means of screws 30 or the like. The. top

are provided with guiding flanges 31 to receive a supplemental guideplate ihavmg guide flanges 33 on its marginal edges. lhe partitionprovided with a plurality of openings 35 through which the arms 2iand2.3 projeet and the plate 32 provided with a similar number ol openingsat for normal registration with the openings The permutation devices ofmy inv ntion forming the combination for maintaining he reciprocaringbolt in locked position comprise a plurality of reciprocating tumblersdesignated 31', :38 and 39, said tumblers beingprovided with apertures11. l) and c respeetivel The outer faces of the turnblers are toothed asindicated at it). ll ind Each of the tumblers preferably provided with alike number of teeth -t'or a purpose which will hereinatte' appear. inorder to limit the downward movement of the tumblers and to provide anormal posi tion for the same, the flanges ot the plate were aperturedat av plu alit a or points, as indica ed at in I i, and pins it areinsertible throue'h salt apertures for the purpose setforth.

In order to n.anipulate the tumbles to permit movement of t rereciprocating bolt 14: to unlock the door l provide a plurality of pushpins +115, l6 and l? mounted in and reciprocating upon the end wall 5and an apertured partition l8 mounted in the hous ing 1. Suita le coilsprings l9 or the like may be placed about the pins i5, i6 and a? andtansverse pins are carried by each of said push pins engaged by thesprings to move the pins to normal position after an operation. Theouter tree extremities of the pins are provided with finger-engaging portions or knobs 51 for engagement by the ling rs of the personmanipulating the lock. The inner extremities oi the push pins carrypivotallv mounted pawls it, B and Cinaintained in operative position bymeans of flat springs 52 carried by the push pins l5, l6 and all. asindicated at 53, this structure being shown to advantage in Fig. 6. Thepush pins are provided with extensions 5% which limit the downwardmovement of the pawls under the action of the sprin ln i'iormal positionthe operative extremities of the pawls are spaced from and entirely outof engagement with their respective tumblers 37, 3S and 39 but it willbe readily apparentthat when reeiprocator motion. is imparted to thepins the pawls will be engaged with the uppermost of the teeth of thetumblers, thereby imparting vertical movement to the latter. In order tomaintain the tumblers in a position to which the pawls A,,B and C maymove them I provide a plurality of retaining pawls 55 mounted inbrackets 56 formed integral with. the guide flanges of the plate 32, onepawl bell g provided for each one of the tumblers at o es It will bereadilv apparent that when the tumblers are moved to a position topern'nt unlocking of the door the pawls 55 by virtue of their engagementwith the teeth of each of the tumblers will maintain the latter in suchposition thus permitting the door to be opened. In order to release thetumblers and allow the same to fall. back to normal position thespring-pressed pawls 55 are intercon ected by means of links 57, thelowermost oit' the links having a pivoted extension 8 provided withoperating members or knobs 5 which extend through substantiallyL-SllllpCCl openings (30 provided in the walls 2 and or the housing. By1n tins of the links and the operating members 59 the pa-wls may allsii'miltaneousiv disengaged be from their respective tumblers, thuspermit ting the latter to return either by gravity or by a suitablespring (not shown) to normal position. it is of c nrse to be understoodthat the normal position of the tumblers determined by means of theadjustable pins ll so that the combination ma v be changed at will. Forthis purpose, a pluralit; of openings ll are provided in the walls ofthe flanges as shown in Fig. l.

In operatiom assuming that the combinais a given number of impulses toeach 1e push gins, said number ot' impulses slit ld he deliveredthereto. This operation will ause the tumblers to move upwardlv to -iposition whereby the openings (r. k) and 0 'heieoi register with theopenings 35 and 36 p the partition '29 andplate S2, whereupon ireciprocating bolt l-l ma be moved reardlv to open the door, the arms Di11d .11). 4* l. proj .ctin a through said openings 0, 7) and e. T hepawls 55 will maintain the tumblers in the releasing position ashereinbe- :tore set forth, and the springs l9 will move the push pins tonormal position withdrawingthe pi wl A, B and C out of the path ofmovement of the tumblers. To release he tumblers it isonly necessary todirect a downward pull on the operating members 59 withdrawimr the pawlstronrengagement with their respective tumblers and therebv allow thelatter to return to normal position. it will be readily apparent thatthe combination mav be changedbv merely changing the position oi thepins it in the holes l t. raising or lowering the trunblers and therebynecessitating a greater or less number of impulses to be imparted to thepush pins, it being of course understood that the planes-of operation ofthe pawls Er, l3 and C are tired. it is ofeourse to be understood thatdo not limit lllj'fi l i to the exact means for maintaining the links inposition to release the pawls since thev ina'v he imlepeiuleutlvcontnillahle or collect-- tiv as shown. it will be seen that theprovision oi this type of lock allows the change of a combinationthrough a wide range, and While Fig. 2 shows the combination as beingarranged for the same number of impulses for each push pin it will be ofcourse understood that this combination may be changed so as to vary thenumber of impulses relatively necessary for each of the pins. Attentionis also directed to the fact that any number of push pins may beprovided, but it would appear from the present disclosure that threepush pins are preferable. To adjust or change the combination suitablemarkings may be placed along the flanges 33 of the plate apprising thosewho Wish to change the combination as the number of impulses necessaryfor each push pin when the adjustable pins n are at a given location.

From the above description taken in connection with the accompanyingdrawings it is thought that a clear and comprehensive understanding ofthe construction, operation and advantages of my invention may bereadily gathered, and while I have shown and described the same asembodying a specific structure I desire that it be understood that I maymake such changes therein which do not depart from the spirit and scopeof the invention as claimed.

I claim:

1. In a permutation lock, the combination of a reciprocating bolt, aguide plate having guide flanges formed thereon, a tumbler slidablymounted upon said plate and being guided by said flanges, said platehaving an opening formed therethrough, said bolt projecting into saidopening and bearing against said tumbler, thus causing the bolt to beheld in a set position by said tumbler, one of said guide flanges havingopening; formed therein, a pin carried within a selected opening, thusnormally retaining said tumbler in a set position, and means forshifting said tumbler for freeing said bolt.

2. In a permutation lock, the combination of a reciprocating bolt, aguide plate having guide flanges formed thereon, said guide plate havingon opening formed there through, said bolt projecting into said opening,a tumbler slidably mounted upon said plate and being guided by saidflanges, means adjustably mounted upon one of said flanges for normallysupporting said tumbler in a set position and means for shifting saidtumbler for permitting the bolt to be freed.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES OXVEN FORBES. iVitnesses L. P. EVANS, C. L. PENCE.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents. Washington, D. G.

